{"id":2600,"date":"2026-03-30T01:58:28","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T01:58:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/?p=2600"},"modified":"2026-03-30T02:16:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T02:16:27","slug":"kremenne-sklo-vs-bezne-sklo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/quartz-glass-vs-regular-glass\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo vs. b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo: Pochopen\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace."},"content":{"rendered":"

Sklo je jedn\u00edm z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f ve v\u011bdeck\u00fdch, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch a spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch. Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 sklo je v\u0161ak stejn\u00e9. K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo <\/a>(zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako taven\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd) a b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo (obvykle sodnov\u00e1penat\u00e9 nebo borosilik\u00e1tov\u00e9 sklo) se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed sv\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm, optick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, tepeln\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm a mechanick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto rozd\u00edl\u016f je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro in\u017een\u00fdry, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky a konstrukt\u00e9ry, kte\u0159\u00ed se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na sklo v p\u0159esn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. Rozd\u00edly ve slo\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo, jako je sodnov\u00e1penat\u00e9 sklo, se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd (SiO2): ~70-75%<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Oxid sodn\u00fd (Na2O) a oxid v\u00e1penat\u00fd (CaO): p\u016fsob\u00ed jako tavidla a stabiliz\u00e1tory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Drobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsady: ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk, hlin\u00edk nebo jin\u00e9 oxidy pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed trvanlivosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Borosilik\u00e1tov\u00e9 sklo, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e1 varianta b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho skla, obsahuje oxid boru (B2O3), kter\u00fd zvy\u0161uje tepelnou a chemickou odolnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b z oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho (SiO2) vysok\u00e9 \u010distoty, obvykle nad 99,9%. Vyr\u00e1b\u00ed se:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Taven\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch krystal\u016f k\u0159emene p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch (~2000 \u00b0C) nebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Chemick\u00e9 napa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b extr\u00e9mn\u011b \u010dist\u00e9ho taven\u00e9ho oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho skla obsahuje k\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 oxidy kov\u016f<\/strong> nebo tavidla, co\u017e mu prop\u016fj\u010duje jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      2. Optick\u00e9 vlastnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Rozsah p\u0159enosu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo<\/strong>: Pr\u016fhledn\u00fd ve viditeln\u00e9m sv\u011btle (400-700 nm), ale pohlcuje UV sv\u011btlo pod ~350 nm a m\u00e1 omezenou propustnost v infra\u010derven\u00e9 oblasti (IR).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo<\/strong>: Extr\u00e9mn\u011b transparentn\u00ed v mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm spektru, od ultrafialov\u00e9ho (UV, ~160 nm) a\u017e po ultrafialov\u00e9 (UV) z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. st\u0159edn\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00e1 oblast (~3,5 \u00b5m)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Index lomu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo: Sklen\u011bn\u00e9 sklo: ~1,5 (z\u00e1vis\u00ed na slo\u017een\u00ed)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo: ~s velmi n\u00edzkou disperz\u00ed a minim\u00e1ln\u00edm optick\u00fdm zkreslen\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          D\u00edky t\u011bmto rozd\u00edl\u016fm je k\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro UV lasery, spektroskopii, optick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna a p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky, zat\u00edmco b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo je dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pro okna, n\u00e1doby a levnou optiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          3. Tepeln\u00e9 vlastnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Koeficient tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti (CTE)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Oby\u010dejn\u00e1 limon\u00e1dov\u00e1 sklenice: ~9 \u00d7 10^-6 \/\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Borosilik\u00e1tov\u00e9 sklo: ~3.3 \u00d7 10^-6 \/\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo: ~0.5 \u00d7 10^-6 \/\u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            V\u00fdklad:<\/strong> K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo se p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b rozp\u00edn\u00e1, tak\u017ee je vysoce odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm. Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Nalit\u00ed vrouc\u00ed vody do sodovkov\u00e9 sklenice m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit jej\u00ed prasknut\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo odol\u00e1v\u00e1 rychl\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m teploty o n\u011bkolik set stup\u0148\u016f Celsia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Teplota zm\u011bk\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo: ~700-800 \u00b0C (sodnov\u00e1penat\u00e9)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Borosilik\u00e1t: ~820-850 \u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo: >1600 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo lze pou\u017e\u00edt ve vysokoteplotn\u00edch pec\u00edch, p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed polovodi\u010d\u016f a v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 optice, kde by se b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo deformovalo nebo roztavilo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                4. Chemick\u00e1 odolnost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chemickou stabilitu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Odolnost v\u016f\u010di kyselin\u00e1m (krom\u011b kyseliny fluorovod\u00edkov\u00e9)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Odolnost v\u016f\u010di alk\u00e1li\u00edm<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Nevyluhuje ionty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo je chemicky reaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Sodnov\u00e1penat\u00e9 sklo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt napadeno siln\u00fdmi kyselinami a louhy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Borosilik\u00e1tov\u00e9 sklo je odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale st\u00e1le reaguje v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    Pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v chemick\u00fdch reaktorech, laboratorn\u00edm skle nebo fotonice se \u010dasto up\u0159ednost\u0148uje k\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    5. Mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • Tvrdost<\/strong>: K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo (Mohs 6-7) je tvrd\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo (Mohs 5-6).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • S\u00edla<\/strong>: Ob\u011b jsou k\u0159ehk\u00e1, ale k\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo vydr\u017e\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teploty bez deformace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Odolnost<\/strong>: K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo je odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proti po\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00ed a od\u011bru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      6. Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      Vlastnost \/ aplikace<\/th>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo<\/th>K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                      Optick\u00e1 okna<\/td>\u2713 viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/td>\u2713 UV, viditeln\u00e9, IR<\/td><\/tr>
                      Laboratorn\u00ed k\u00e1dinky<\/td>\u2713<\/td>\u2713 vysokoteplotn\u00ed chemick\u00e9 aplikace<\/td><\/tr>
                      Odolnost proti tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm<\/td>N\u00edzk\u00e1<\/td>Velmi vysok\u00e1<\/td><\/tr>
                      Vysokoteplotn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>Omezen\u00e9<\/td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
                      Optick\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna<\/td>\u2717<\/td>\u2713<\/td><\/tr>
                      UV laserov\u00e1 optika<\/td>\u2717<\/td>\u2713<\/td><\/tr>
                      N\u00e1klady<\/td>N\u00edzk\u00e1<\/td>Vysok\u00e1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                      Shrnut\u00ed:<\/strong> Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely a levn\u00e9 aplikace posta\u010d\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00e9 sklo. K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo se vol\u00ed, kdy\u017e vysok\u00e1 \u010distota, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teplotn\u00ed tolerance, \u0161irok\u00fd optick\u00fd rozsah a chemick\u00e1 inertnost.<\/strong> jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      7. Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo a b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo slou\u017e\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sklo<\/strong>: Cenov\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00e9, vhodn\u00e9 pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed optick\u00e9, kontejnerov\u00e9 a okenn\u00ed aplikace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • K\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo<\/strong>: Pr\u00e9miov\u00fd materi\u00e1l pro vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9, vysokoteplotn\u00ed nebo vysoce \u010dist\u00e9 aplikace ve v\u011bd\u011b a pr\u016fmyslu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho typu skla z\u00e1vis\u00ed na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        1. Po\u017eadavky na optickou vlnovou d\u00e9lku<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        2. Tepeln\u00e9 a chemick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        3. Mechanick\u00e1 a povrchov\u00e1 odolnost<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        4. Rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                          Pro laborato\u0159e, polovodi\u010de, UV optiku nebo vysokoteplotn\u00ed reaktory je k\u0159emenn\u00e9 sklo \u010dasto nepostradateln\u00e9. Pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 standardem b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 sodnov\u00e1penat\u00e9 nebo borosilik\u00e1tov\u00e9 sklo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Glass is one of the most widely used materials in scientific, industrial, and consumer applications. However, not all glass is created equal. Quartz glass (also known as fused silica) and regular glass (typically soda-lime or borosilicate glass) differ significantly in their chemical composition, optical properties, thermal behavior, and mechanical performance. Understanding these differences is essential […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[680,40,563,59,682,68,679,651,681],"class_list":["post-2600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news","tag-borosilicate-glass","tag-chemical-resistance","tag-fused-silica","tag-high-temperature-glass","tag-optical-materials","tag-quartz-glass","tag-soda-lime-glass","tag-thermal-shock","tag-uv-optics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2600"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2603,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2600\/revisions\/2603"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fuyao-quartz.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}